Title page of the original German twenty-three-page pamphlet Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei, printed in London by the Workers' Educational Association in February 1848.
Drafted by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels on commission from the Communist League, the text framed all human history as class struggle and called for the forcible overthrow of existing social conditions. Its first full Chinese translation by Chen Wangdao in 1920 became the foundational text of the early Chinese Communist study societies.
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待考Struck from the timeline: Fails the lane's own admission test. No decision, campaign or consequence inside China turns on it. Marx arriving in Chinese translation does; the Commune itself does not.
Struck